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1/2 Pint Cartons Of Milk

Written By Wednesday, October 19, 2022 Add Comment Edit

Red Cross packet refers to packages containing mostly food, tobacco and personal hygiene items sent by the International Association of the Reddish Cross to prisoners of war during the Starting time and Second Earth Wars,[1] as well as at other times. It tin can also refer to medical parcels and so-called "release parcels" provided during World War 2. The Reddish Cross bundled them in accordance with the provisions of the Geneva Convention of 1929. During World War Two these packages augmented the often-meager and deficient diets in the Pw camps, contributing profoundly to prisoner survival and an increment in morale. Modern Cherry Cross food parcels provide basic food and sanitary needs for persons afflicted past natural disasters, wars, political upheavals or similar events.

More recent catastrophes involving commitment of Ruddy Cantankerous parcels include events in Georgia, Thailand and Slap-up U.k..

Globe War I [edit]

The Australian Red Cross reported dispatching a total of 395,695 nutrient parcels and 36,339 clothing parcels to Allied POWs in Germany and Turkey during the course of World War I.[2] Food parcels were also sent to needy civilians in Belgium and France.

British PoWs during World State of war I were supplied with nutrient parcels by the British Central Prisoners of State of war Committee of the Articulation War Organisation, the combined Blood-red Cross and Guild of St John. When the Central Powers refused to allow nutrient to be sent to prisoners of war past the British authorities, the British Ruby-red Cross had stepped forward. Packages containing food and conveniences were sent fortnightly to POWs. Donations collected from the public for these parcels reached £674,908 19s 1d. A total of £5,145,458 16s 9d was spent.[three] By the end of the war, some nine,000,000 food parcels and 800,000 clothing parcels had been despatched by diverse organisations to British prisoners abroad.[iv]

French POWs were required to pay for parcels sent to them through a French commission; these packages included potted chicken, various pâtés, and even bottled vino.[5] Indigent French POWs could receive parcels with lower-quality food for free, from the "Vetement du Prisonnier" which liaised actively with the Croix-Rouge française.

New Zealand [edit]

New Zealand relatives had to purchase parcels and were given a choice:

Relatives could ship a specific parcel or a package made upward of A & C or B & C[half-dozen]

American [edit]

The American Red Cantankerous commenced commitment of nutrient parcels to American PoWs in German camps in November 1917.[7] The showtime packet received by a POW included the post-obit items:

  • I pound (450 g) tin of corned beef
  • Ane pound (450 one thousand) tin of roast beef
  • 1 pound (450 g) tin can of salmon
  • Two pounds (900 g) of hash
  • One pound (450 1000) of jam
  • One bar of soap
  • Four packages of tobacco
  • Ane overshirt
  • One undershirt
  • Two cans of pork and beans
  • I can each of tomatoes, corn and peas
  • One pair of drawers
  • Two pairs of socks
  • Three handkerchiefs
  • Two towels
  • One tube of toothpaste
  • Two pounds (900 g) of hard bread
  • 1 US pint (0.47 fifty; 0.83 imp pt) of evaporated milk
  • One pound (450 g) of sugar
  • 1-half (225 g) pound of coffee
  • One toothbrush, comb, shaving brush and "housewife" kit (sewing kit), plus shaving soap.[8]

Thereafter, further parcels were sent once per week. These were rotated on a four-week schedule betwixt packages labeled "A", "B", "C" and "D". Each parcel contained meat, fish, vegetable, bread and fruit items, together with eighty cigarettes or other tobacco products.[nine] Items of clothing were also provided for American POWs through the American Reddish Cross.[ten] Toward the stop of the war, German camp guards and other personnel would sometimes steal the contents of these packages, frequently leaving simply bread for the helpless prisoner. In such events, American camp representatives attempted to make upwardly the loss through stores kept for this purpose in the Prisoner of war camps.[11]

A special understanding betwixt the YMCA and the American Red Cross resulted in the YMCA providing athletic equipment, books and games for American prisoners in High german Pw camps.[12]

Earth War II [edit]

Red Cross food parcels during World War Two were mostly provided from the United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland, Canada and America (later 1941). An Allied POW might receive whatsoever of these packages at any one given time, regardless of his or her own nationality. This was because all such packages were sent from their country of origin to fundamental collection points, where they were subsequently distributed to Axis Pw camps by the International Committee of the Red Cantankerous.

For POWs held by Axis forces in Europe the packet route through Lisbon required escorted ships to bring the crates of parcels, or for British, mail service bags full of parcels, to Lisbon, there existence no safe deport understanding. In Portugal, parcels would be loaded onto Red Cross marked ships with many taken through the port of Marseilles, for onward freighting by runway to Geneva, from where they would be sent to diverse camps past the International Commission of the Red Cross.[13] [14] Barcelona was also used as an Iberian transit port, with Toulon as an culling French port.[15] The returning ships sometimes carried allied civilians and wounded being repatriated.[16] : 69

The route from Iberia to the South of French republic was non rubber. The Ruby-red Cross ship SS Padua was damaged by British bombing in Genoa in 1942 and so sunk by a mine outside Marseilles in October 1943. The SS Embla was bombed by British aircraft on 6 Apr 1944 causing a burn down, and the aforementioned ship was attacked again on xx April 1944, past American B-26 bombers, who this fourth dimension sank the ship and killed the ICRC amanuensis. On half dozen May the "Christina" was attacked while at anchor in Sete. This latest act resulted in the ICRC suspending the route.[17] The Functioning Dragoon invasion of Southern France, preliminary bombing in July and the bodily invasion in August 1944 put a end to rail transport[15] and and so Marseilles beingness used by the Cherry Cantankerous. The SS Vega sailed to the alternative port of Toulon with parcels in November 1944.

On 8 May 1945, information technology was reported that 7,000,000 parcels, weighing 35,000 tonnes (34,000 long tons; 39,000 curt tons) were at sea or in warehouses in Britain, Lisbon, Barcelona, Marseilles, Toulon, Geneva and Gothenburg. A Scarlet Cross representative said that they were non perishable and could be used for distressed civilians and as a flexible reserve.[eighteen]

British food parcels [edit]

During World War Ii, The British Joint War Organisation sent standard food parcels, invalid food parcels, medical supplies, educational books and recreational materials to prisoners of war worldwide. During the disharmonize, over 20 million standard food parcels were sent.[19] Typical contents of such a parcel included:

  • 4 oz (110 g) bundle of tea
  • Tin of cocoa pulverisation
  • Bar of milk or apparently chocolate (often Cadbury Dairy Milk Fruit & Nut chocolate, or a like product)
  • Tinned pudding
  • Tin of meat curl
  • Tin of processed cheese
  • Can of condensed milk (Klim—a Canadian instant milk beverage—or else Carnation or Nestle brand)
  • Can of dried eggs
  • Tin can of sardines or herrings
  • Tin of preserve
  • Tin of margarine
  • Tin of sugar
  • Tin can of vegetables
  • Tin can of biscuits
  • Bar of soap
  • Tin of l cigarettes or tobacco (sent separately—normally Actor's brand cigarettes, or Digger flake pipe tobacco).[xiv] [twenty]

The Scottish Scarlet Cantankerous parcels were the only ones to contain rolled oats. Approximately 163,000 parcels were fabricated up each calendar week during World War II.

Sometimes, due to the shortage of parcels, ii or even four prisoners would be compelled to share the contents of one Red Cross parcel.[20]

American nutrient parcels [edit]

The American Ruby-red Cross produced 27,000,000 parcels.[21] Even earlier America entered the war in late 1941, they were supplying, through Geneva, parcels to British, Belgian, French, Polish, Yugoslav, Dutch, Greek, Norwegian, and Soviet prisoners of war. The Philadelphia centre solitary was producing 100,000 parcels a month in 1942.[22] A list of the contents of a typical Scarlet Cantankerous parcel received by an American airman held prisoner in Stalag Luft I about Barth, Deutschland on the Baltic Body of water:

  • 1 pound (450 chiliad) tin can of powdered milk
  • One parcel x assorted cookies
  • One pound (450 1000) tin of oleo margarine
  • Eight-ounce (230 g) parcel of cube saccharide
  • Eight-ounce (230 g) package of Kraft cheese
  • Six-ounce (170 k) packet of K-ration biscuits
  • 4-ounce (110 thousand) tin of coffee
  • Two D-ration chocolate bars
  • 6-ounce (170 one thousand) tin of jam or peanut butter
  • Twelve-ounce (340 g) can of salmon or tuna
  • I pound (450 grand) can of Spam or corned beef
  • Ane pound (450 g) can of Liver paté
  • One pound (450 g) package of raisins or prunes
  • 5 packages of cigarettes
  • Seven Vitamin-C tablets
  • Two bars of soap
  • Twelve-ounce (340 grand) of C-ration vegetable soup concentrate.[23]

Co-ordinate to this airman, recipients of these parcels were permitted to keep only the cigarettes and chocolate bars; the remainder of the bundle was turned over to the camp melt, who combined them with the contents of other parcels and German Pow rations (normally bread, barley, potatoes, cabbage and horse meat)[23] to create daily meals for the prisoners.[23]

Cigarettes in the parcels became the preferred medium of exchange within the camp, with each individual cigarette valued at 27 cents within Stalag Luft I.[23] Similar practices were followed in other POW camps, likewise. Cigarettes were also used to ransom German guards to provide the prisoners with outside items that would otherwise accept been unavailable to them.[23] Tins of coffee, which were hard to come by in Germany late in the war, served this same purpose in many camps.[20] Contents of these packages were sometimes pilfered past German language guards or other camp personnel, especially toward the end of the state of war.[24]

Canadian food parcels [edit]

The Canadian Red Cross reported assembling and aircraft nearly 16,500,000 food parcels during the Second World State of war, at a cost of $47,529,000.[25] The Canadian Red Cross Prisoners of State of war Parcels Committee was led by Chairman Harold H. Leather, M.B.E., of Hamilton, Ontario and Vice Chairman John Draper Perrin of Winnipeg, Manitoba. Contents of the Canadian package included:

  • One pound (450 g) of milk pulverization
  • One pound (450 m) of butter
  • Four ounces (110 g) of cheese
  • Twelve ounces (340 g) of corned beef
  • Ten ounces (280 chiliad) of pork luncheon meat
  • Eight ounces (230 g) of salmon
  • Four ounces (110 g) of sardines or kippers
  • Eight ounces (230 m) of dried apples
  • Eight ounces (230 one thousand) of dried prunes or raisins
  • Eight ounces (230 g) of sugar
  • One pound (450 g) of jam or honey
  • One pound (450 1000) of pilot biscuits
  • Viii ounces (230 g) of chocolate
  • One ounce (28 g) of salt and pepper (mustard, onion powder and other condiments were as well sometimes enclosed)
  • Four ounces (110 g) of tea or coffee
  • Two ounces (57 thousand) of lather.[25]

Parcels did vary; those delivered to the Aqueduct Islands by the SS Vega in 1945 contained slightly different quantities, both 8 oz (230 g) raisins and Six oz (170 g) prunes, and marmalade instead of jam.[13]

New Zealand food parcels [edit]

The New Zealand Scarlet Cantankerous Society provided one,139,624 parcels during the war menses, packed by 1,500 volunteers.[26] Prisoners parcels included:

  • Six ounces (170 g) of tea
  • Nineteen-ounce (540 grand) can of corned mutton
  • Fifteen-ounce (430 g) can of lamb and green peas
  • 8 ounces (230 thousand) of chocolate
  • Twenty ounces (570 g) of butter
  • Fifteen ounces (430 one thousand) of coffee and milk
  • 10 ounces (280 g) of sugar
  • Nine ounces (260 thousand) of peas
  • I pound (450 thousand) of jam
  • I pound (450 1000) of condensed milk
  • 15 ounces (430 yard) of cheese
  • Six ounces (170 m) of raisins.[thirteen]

Dissimilar the American and British parcels, Canadian and New Zealand Ruby-red Cross parcels did not include cigarettes or tobacco.

Indian food parcels [edit]

Indian parcels, supplied by the Indian Red Cross Guild independent:

  • 8 ounces (230 g) fruit in syrup
  • One pound (450 m) lentils
  • Ii ounces (57 grand) toilet soap
  • One pound (450 g) flour
  • eight biscuits
  • 8 ounces (230 m) margarine
  • Twelve ounces (340 g) Nestle's Milk
  • Fourteen ounces (400 thou) rice
  • One pound (450 g) pilchard
  • Two ounces (57 thousand) curry powder
  • Viii ounces (230 chiliad) sugar
  • I ounce (28 g) dried eggs
  • 2 ounces (57 grand) tea
  • One ounce (28 thousand) salt
  • Iv ounces (110 chiliad) chocolate[13]

Indian parcels did non contain meat or tobacco products.

Argentinian majority parcel [edit]

The Argentinian Carmine Cross provided parcels containing:

  • 3 ounces (85 g) bully beef
  • Five ounces (140 g) meat and veg
  • Three ounces (85 g) ragout
  • Two ounces (57 k) corned mutton
  • 4 ounces (110 chiliad) pork and beans
  • 5 ounces (140 g) butter
  • Two ounces (57 g) lard
  • 2 ounces (57 thousand) honey
  • Five ounces (140 1000) jam
  • 2 ounces (57 g) milk jam
  • Four ounces (110 1000) condensed milk
  • Eight ounces (230 grand) carbohydrate
  • Seven ounces (200 g) cheese
  • Eight ounces (230 k) biscuits
  • One ounce (28 g) pea and lentil flour
  • 3 ounces (85 g) chocolate
  • 2 ounces (57 thousand) cocoa
  • I ounce (28 1000) tea
  • 1 soap
  • Three ounces (85 g) dried fruit[27]

South African parcels [edit]

From the British Due south African Ruby Cross.[28] [ self-published source ]

Invalid Nutrient Parcels [edit]

Invalid parcels were specifically designed for invalids, i.e. disabled or ill prisoners. The contents varied, but what appears to be a British one independent:

  • ii tins Yeatex
  • 3 tins concentrated soup pulverization
  • i can gooseberries
  • one tin can Horlicks
  • 1 tin Ovaltine
  • ane can milk powder
  • 2 tins dried eggs
  • 1 block of chocolate
  • 1 tin can cheese
  • 1 tin condensed milk
  • 2 tins compressed oats
  • 4 ounces (110 g) tea
  • 1 tin creamed rice
  • ane tin Rowntree's cocoa
  • ane can lemon curd[13]

Food parcels in the Pacific theater [edit]

In 1942, permission was granted by Nihon for a diplomatically neutral ship, after Japan refused to allow a Cherry Cross send to be deployed, to be dispatched to distribute the parcels. A Swedish vessel, the MS Gripsholm delivered 20,000 Crimson Cross parcels from Canada, America and South Africa and in addition a assignment of 1,000,000 cigarettes. A second voyage was refused.[22]

The Japanese government in Baronial 1942 announced that no neutral ship, fifty-fifty a Scarlet Cross ship, would be allowed to enter Japanese waters. Red Cantankerous parcels intended for Allied POWs in Japan were accordingly stockpiled in Vladivostok, Soviet Union, and a unmarried send was ultimately permitted to send some of these to Japan in Nov 1944, which, in turn were carried by the Japanese vessel Awa Maru, carrying Carmine Cantankerous markings, in March, 1945, to Singapore. How many of these really reached the POWs is non known, and the sinking of the Awa Maru on the return trip by a US submarine prevented any future shipments from beingness made.[29]

At the Changi prison campsite run by the Japanese in Singapore, an average Pow received a fraction of one food parcel in the three-and-a half years that the camp was open.[xxx]

Food parcels in the High german Concentration Camps [edit]

In November 1943, the Red Cross received permission from Nazi German authorities to send Red Cross parcels to inmates of concentration camps, just but to those whose names and specific locations were known. By May 1945, 105,000 specific individuals had been identified. About ane,112,000 parcels containing 4,500 tons of food were ultimately sent to the camps,[31] including those at Dachau, Buchenwald, Ravensbrück, Sachsenhausen, Theresienstadt and Auschwitz. In addition to nutrient, these parcels also contained wear and pharmaceutical items.[32]

German POWs after World State of war 2 [edit]

Three months afterwards the German language surrender in May 1945, Full general Dwight Eisenhower issued an society classifying all surrendered soldiers within the American Zone of Occupation as Disarmed Enemy Forces, rather than Prisoners of War. Appropriately, the Cherry-red Cross was denied the right to visit German POWs in American prison camps, and delivery of Red Cantankerous parcels to them was forbidden.[33] In the leap of 1946, the International Red Cross was finally allowed to provide limited amounts of nutrient assist to prisoners of war in the U.Due south. occupation zone.[34]

Postwar study on Red Cross parcels and Canadian POWs [edit]

The Canadian authorities conducted a detailed written report of the effect of the Cherry-red Cantankerous parcels on the health and morale of Canadian POWs before long subsequently the end of World War II. Over 5,000 former POWs were interviewed, and Canadian regime determined that a significant number of soldiers did not get the intended one packet per man per week; about had to make practice with one-half of a packet per calendar week, or even less on some occasions. Soldiers were asked to state their preferences with regard to specific contents of the parcels: the well-nigh popular item turned out to exist the biscuits, with butter a close second, followed (in order) past meat, milk (powdered and other), chocolate, cigarettes, tea, jam, cereals, cheese and coffee.[25] The Canadian package was preferred to British, American or New Zealand-issued parcels, challenge that the Canadian parcels had "greater bulk", "lasted longer", and/or had "more than food".[25]

With regard to peculiarly disliked foods, the Canadian respondents (over iv,200 of the interviewed POWs) expressed the greatest distaste for the vegetables and fish enclosed in the nutrient parcels (about 15 percent of the total number of respondents), followed (in order) past condiments, egg powder, cereals, fatty, cheese, desserts, sweets, beverages, jams, biscuits and milk. However, except for the commencement two items on that list, all of these were named past only a minuscule percentage of the total number of respondents.[25]

Parcels from Reddish Cross organisations in occupied countries [edit]

  • Belgium sent parcels to their POWs and in addition, family members could ship parcels.[35]
  • Denmark sent parcels to Danish citizens incarcerated in Nazi concentration camps.[36]
  • French republic sent parcels to their POWs and in addition, family unit members could send parcels.[35]

Red Cross medical kits [edit]

American [edit]

A second type of parcel delivered through the Blood-red Cantankerous during World War II was the Red Cross Prisoner of War First Help Safety Kit, which was supplied by the American Carmine Cross for distribution through the International Committee. Such parcels more often than not held the following items:

  • A twelve-page booklet with instructions on the use of the enclosed medical supplies, printed in English, French, German, Polish and Serbo-Croatian
  • 10 packages of sterilised gauze, in 2 unlike sizes
  • Ane package containing 500 laxative pills
  • Two packages containing 500 aspirin tablets each
  • Twelve gauze bandages
  • Two cans of insecticide powder
  • Four tubes of boric acid antiseptic ointment
  • Two packages containing 500 sodium bicarbonate tablets each
  • Ii tubes of Salicylic ointment (for treatment of athlete's foot and similar fungal diseases)
  • Two tubes of Mercuric antiseptic ointment
  • Four tubes of sulphur ointment (for treatment of peel diseases)
  • One box containing 100 Band-Aids
  • Two rolls of adhesive record
  • Two one-ounce (28 1000) packages of absorbent cotton fiber
  • Safety pins, forceps, soap, disinfectants and scissors.[24]

Other kits issued to some POWs through the American Red Cross contained a few differences in contents, just were mostly similar to the above.[37]

British [edit]

The British Red Cross likewise supplied Medical Parcels to Centrolineal PoWs during the war. Prior to 15 June 1942, these kits generally consisted of:

  • A general parcel containing cotton wool, safety pins, soap, aspirin tablets and ointment
  • A disinfectant parcel
  • Special parcels containing thermometers and dressing scissors.

After 15 June 1942, the British kits' contents inverse. The new kits contained:

  • An invalid food unit consisting of ii parcels – milk and food
  • A medical stores unit consisting of 4 parcels:
"Medical ane" contained soap and disinfectant
"Medical 2" independent sodium bicarbonate, Dover's powder, lung balsam, ferric subsulfate solution, zinc ointment, cascara, zinc oxide powder, formalin throat tablets, ammoniated mercury ointment, flexoplast, lint, cotton, gauze, Vitamin-C tablets, pile ointment, sulphapyridine tablets, magnesium trisilicate, and oxide plaster
"Medical 3 and four" contained additional quantities of the supplies found in "Medical 2", adding to them kaoline poultice, Vitamin A and Vitamin D tablets, TCP (antiseptic), aspirin, Bemax, sulphanilamide and toilet paper.[38]

In add-on, German and Italian regime sometimes permitted British prisoner hospitals to procure equipment from England via the Scarlet Cross, including microscopes, sterilisers, material for manufacturing artificial limbs, medical instruments, vaccines, drugs and even games and other recreational materials.[38]

Release parcels [edit]

The American Crimson Cross provided a special "release bundle" to some Centrolineal POWs upon their initial release from enemy captivity. These parcels included:

  • Razor
  • Razor blades
  • Shaving foam
  • Toothbrush
  • Toothpaste
  • Pencil
  • Rummage
  • Socks
  • Cigarettes
  • Handkerchiefs
  • Playing cards
  • Stationery
  • Book
  • Hard candy
  • Chewing glue
  • Face cloth
  • Cigarette case with the American Cerise Cross keepsake imprinted on it.[39]

These kits were distributed as follows: 71,400 to France; x,000 to the Soviet Spousal relationship; 9,500 to Italy; 5,000 to Egypt; and four,000 to the Philippines.[40]

Modern Red Cross parcels [edit]

Post-obit the collapse of the erstwhile Soviet Union in 1991, many pensioners in the newly contained nation of Georgia were left destitute by the resulting collapse of the Georgian economic system and the inability of their meager pensions to go on up with inflation. The Red Cross, with the fiscal back up of the German government, assisted approximately 500,000 of these more often than not elderly people with food parcels over a seven-year period during the 1990s. Equally of 2001, more than than 12,000 were withal dependent upon Ruby Cross food assistance.[41]

Nutrient parcels were also distributed by the Red Cross of Thailand during Red Shirt Movement disturbances in 2006 in Bangkok,[42] and to British victims of flooding in Gloucestershire in 2007. The British package contained:[43]

  • Five tins of canned fruit
  • One loaf of longlife breadstuff
  • Ii packets of rye crackers
  • Three cartons of long-life milk
  • I jar of savoury spread
  • Three packets of obviously biscuits
  • Three tins of fish
  • Three tins of meat
  • Five tins of potatoes
  • 2 jars of sandwich spread
  • 2 packs of cereal bars
  • One flashlight, batteries, toilet paper, and one tube of sanitiser paw gel.

Meet too [edit]

  • A. Y. G. Campbell, contributed to the creation of Red Cross Nutrient Parcels
  • Disaster relief

References [edit]

  1. ^ Video: Santo Tomas Prisoners Liberated, 1945/03/01 (1945). Universal Newsreel. 1945. Retrieved 21 February 2012.
  2. ^ Blood-red Cross Records From the First Earth War. Retrieved 2010-09-26.
  3. ^ "Fundraising during the First World State of war" (PDF). Red Cantankerous. Archived from the original (PDF) on ane Oct 2015. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
  4. ^ Yarnall (2011), p. 107.
  5. ^ Carl P. Dennett, Prisoners of the Not bad War, pp. fourteen-15.
  6. ^ "Helping prisoners of war". Scarlet Cross New Zealand.
  7. ^ Carl P. Dennett, Prisoners of the Great War, pg. 16.
  8. ^ Carl P. Dennett, Prisoners of the Great State of war, pg. 28.
  9. ^ Carl P. Dennett, Prisoners of the Dandy War, pp. 29-30. The contents of each package are independent in the reference.
  10. ^ Carl P. Dennett, Prisoners of the Neat War, pp. xxx-32.
  11. ^ Carl P. Dennett, Prisoners of the Slap-up War, pp. 32-33.
  12. ^ Carl P. Dennett, Prisoners of the Great War, pp. 52-53.
  13. ^ a b c d e Taylor, Keith (1996). A tribute to the "SS Vega". pp. 68–70. ISBN978-0-946806-18-8.
  14. ^ a b British Reddish Cantankerous: Nutrient Parcels. Retrieved 2010-09-26.
  15. ^ a b "AMERICAN. PRISONEES OF War IN Frg Prepared by Military machine INTELLIGENCB SERVICE War DEPARTMENT fifteen July 1944". 486th.
  16. ^ Coles, Joan (1985). Iii years backside spinous wire. La Haule Books. ISBN086120-008-X.
  17. ^ Crossland, James (27 May 2014). Britain and the International Commission of the Red Cantankerous, 1939-1945. Palgrave Macmillan, 2014. ISBN9781137399571.
  18. ^ "Cerise Cross Parcels Surplus". The Examiner. viii May 1945. p. 7.
  19. ^ "Food parcels in the Second World War". British Cherry Cross.
  20. ^ a b c Memories of PTE Tom Barker, 1st Btn. Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders. Retrieved 2010-09-26.
  21. ^ "Earth War II Specialized War-time Services". American Red Cross.
  22. ^ a b Foreign State of war Relief 1939-1942. American Ruby Cantankerous.
  23. ^ a b c d e Eat, Potable, Smoke and Be Creative: Cherry Cross Parcels. Retrieved 2010-09-26.
  24. ^ a b The Prisoner of War Get-go Aid Safety Kit. Retrieved 2010-09-26.
  25. ^ a b c d due east Tisdall, FF; Wilson, M (1949). "Final study on the Canadian Red Cross food parcels for prisoners-of-war". Can Med Assoc J. threescore (iii): 279–86. PMC1591471. PMID 18123897.
  26. ^ "New Zealand Red Cross and WWII". New Zealand Cherry Cross. Archived from the original on 8 Dec 2015.
  27. ^ "Contents of Red Cross Parcels".
  28. ^ Heimbuch, Raymond (May 2008). five Brothers in Arms. Xlibris Corporation, 2008. p. lxxx. ISBN9781453501986.
  29. ^ The Red Cross in Earth War Ii. Retrieved 2010-09-26.
  30. ^ "The Ruddy Cross and World War Two". History learning site.
  31. ^ "The Ruddy Cross and Globe War Ii". The History Learning Site.
  32. ^ A Letter from Auschwitz: 1943. Retrieved 2010-09-28. Archived 16 July 2011 at the Wayback Auto
  33. ^ ICRC Commentaries on the Convention (III) relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of State of war Article 5 "1 category of military personnel which was refused the advantages of the Convention in the course of the 2d World State of war comprised German and Japanese troops who barbarous into enemy easily on the capitulation of their countries in 1945 (6). The German capitulation was both political, involving the dissolution of the Government, and military, whereas the Japanese capitulation was but military. Moreover, the situation was different since Germany was a party to the 1929 Convention and Japan was not. Nevertheless, the High german and Japanese troops were considered as surrendered enemy personnel and were deprived of the protection provided by the 1929 Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War. The Allied authorities took the view that unconditional surrender amounted to giving a costless hand to the Detaining Powers as to the handling they might give to military personnel who fell into their hands post-obit the capitulation. In fact, these men were oftentimes in a very different situation from that of their comrades who had been taken prisoner during the hostilities, since very often they had not even gone into [p.76] action against the enemy. Although on the whole the treatment given to surrendered enemy personnel was adequately favourable, it presented certain disadvantages: prisoners in this category had their personal property impounded without any receipt being given; they had no spokesman to represent them before the Detaining Ability; officers received no pay and other ranks, although compelled to work, got no wages; in any penal proceedings they had the benefit of none of the guarantees provided past the Convention. Most important of all, these men had no legal status and were at the entire mercy of the victor. Fortunately, they were well treated but this is no reason to overlook the fact that they were deprived of any status and all guarantees."
  34. ^ ICRC in WW II: German prisoners of state of war in Allied hands International Red Cantankerous 2 February 2005
  35. ^ a b Cook, Denys (October 2013). Missing in action. Trafford Publishing, 2013. p. 100. ISBN9781490716008.
  36. ^ "Rescue, Expulsion, and Collaboration:Denmark'due south Difficulties with its World War II Past". JCPA.
  37. ^ The Prisoner of War First Aid Safety Kit. Run across kit mentioned every bit being provided by Parke, Davis and Co. Retrieved 2010-09-26.
  38. ^ a b British Reddish Cantankerous Medical Supplies. Retrieved 2010-09-26.
  39. ^ Pw Bulletin Vol. 31. Retrieved 2010-09-26.
  40. ^ Prisoner of War Bulletin Vol. 36. Retrieved 2010-09-26.
  41. ^ Alone Pensioners in Georgia receive food parcels from the Red Cross. Retrieved 2010-09-26.
  42. ^ Thai Crimson Cross Provides Relief During Bangkok Protests. Retrieved 2010-09-26.
  43. ^ "United Kingdom – Floods: Information Message no. 04/2007" (PDF). Information Bulletin. Cherry Cross. xxx July 2007. Retrieved 18 June 2020.

books [edit]

  • Yarnall, John (2011). Barbed Wire Disease: British & High german Prisoners of War, 1914-19. Stroud: Spellmount. ISBN9780752456904.

External links [edit]

  • Final Written report on the Canadian Red Cross Food Parcels for Prisoners of War Contains detailed data on particular "likes" and "dislikes" expressed by a group of Canadian World War Ii ex-PoWs with regard to the contents of Ruddy Cross parcels.
  • Supplementary Rations for Prisoners of War Contains detailed description of contents of various American Reddish Cross parcels sent to the European and Asian theater during World State of war II.

1/2 Pint Cartons Of Milk,

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Cross_parcel

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